A valid second U.S. passport can be the application passport if it meets China's published validity and blank-page rules, but one passport number must stay consistent through COVA and submission.
No current Chinese U.S. mission guidance publishes an automatic delay or interview rule for Turkey stamps; applicants should report travel history truthfully and prepare for case-specific review.
The correct visa depends on what the camp actually does: tourism points to L, an exchange or study tour may point to F, and formal short-term study of 180 days or less points to X2.
After Z-visa COVA review reaches “Passport to be submitted,” bring the passport, printed barcode page and every original specifically requested by the responsible U.S. visa office.
A short U.S. visit does not automatically qualify a foreign passport holder to file through a U.S. Chinese mission, which requires residence in its jurisdiction and proof of lawful U.S. status.
Choose L for a genuine tourism trip and M when planned meetings, supplier research, trade fairs or other commercial activity are the trip's real purpose.
The current U.S. notice applies the simplified L-document rule to tourist visa applicants within the United States, while third-country nationals must add proof of lawful U.S. stay.
Do not assume early renewal is allowed: current Los Angeles instructions say an otherwise usable prior visa with more than six months remaining will not be replaced.
Applicants must be physically in the United States when applying through a Chinese mission in the U.S.; preparing a draft abroad is not the same as submitting it.